Showing posts with label film. Show all posts
Showing posts with label film. Show all posts

Wednesday, August 19, 2015

My day with Errol Flynn...(er, Kevin Kline)

Well, I'm finally writing about this. It's only taken me 2 years.

First of all, I guess I should tell you about the audition itself and how I won the role of "Jane Eyre" opposite veteran actor and Academy Award winner Kevin Kline who would be playing opposite me as "Lord Rochester" in a scene from Jane Eyre (retitled Master of Thornfield for the Broadway production we portrayed) as part of the biopic The Last of Robin Hood, which starred Kevin as middle-aged Errol Flynn. It showed Flynn in his final years and gave a glimpse into his love affair with teenaged Beverly Aadland (played by Dakota Fanning, with her mother Florence portrayed by Susan Sarandon.)

When I got the email notification in early December for the cast list and script sides with an invitation to audition from my agent, I was instantly excited when I saw that Kevin Kline would be starring as Errol Flynn. (It was not yet announced that Dakota Fanning would be co-starring.) The role I was asked to audition for was "Jane Eyre" and the casting director's notes were: "PLEASE DO YOUR RESEARCH! Director is looking for someone who has a combo of reticence, beauty and intelligence." That was it. No physical appearance preferences, such as brunettes, actresses over 5'4", etc. In other words, no specific physical characteristics within my type. It seemed fairly broad to me, and therefore, I thought "well, there are going to be hundreds of girls going after this, any one of them who could probably be about as right for it as I would." With that in mind, my instant elation deflated somewhat, and I rolled back over on my couch. I didn't think I would bother. I've literally auditioned HUNDREDS of times, getting makeup and hair professionally done, buying appropriate outfits, traveling, spending lots of money, etc., for auditions that never panned out. It gets wearing after awhile and certainly discouraging.

I casually told Opie about the audition while he was doing some editing, and he got excited for me. I told him I didn't think I would bother, because I certainly wasn't going to get it anyway. What happened next sort of surprised me. He said in a very loud stern voice "Get out of bed RIGHT NOW. If you don't get out of bed and do this audition, I NEVER want to hear you complain about not booking ever again." (I may be paraphrasing somewhat, but this was pretty much what he said.) I sat up and looked at him for a moment. He said "I'm serious. Get up. Show me what you can wear for a costume. I'll help you. We'll go over to Dean's to tape it; he has a good lighting set-up." So I got up. I got an old witch costume out of my closet (I figured it would have a good Victorian-era look to it) and then borrowing a page out of Scarlett O'Hara's book when she tore her mother's draperies down to go visit Rhett in Atlanta, I found some old curtain fabric in my closet and used it to wrap around my shoulders like a shawl. I pulled my hair back into a tight old-fashioned bun, put on some pretty but natural-looking makeup and some black ballet slippers and headed out with Opie to go tape at his co-worker's house.

I wish I still had the audition tape. I've saved so many auditions over the years that I didn't get cast for, but the audition that actually got me booked in a scene opposite one of my personal acting heroes is nowhere for me to find. The lighting was great and captured my eyes very well. I didn't do too many takes. It was a very simple audition. I had to try to look like I was staying in character during a scene between Jane Eyre and Lord Rochester while Flynn (who supposedly drank shots of vodka while performing onstage) struggled to remember his lines. I had a few lines, which I used an English accent for, but most of my audition was subtle facial expression, while I pretended to embroider. Tracy Kilpatrick was the casting director and didn't require a slate, which was actually kind of nice. I've never been a huge fan of doing slates, because it's just awkward. This way I could just stay in character for the scene without having to switch tracks and do a slate. I sent it in and in a few weeks, I got a callback to audition in person!

For the callback, I got in full costume again and drove to Atlanta to audition at a theatre. There was only one gentleman and another young woman there who were also invited to callbacks. We didn't talk much, just exchanged polite greetings and then waited after we signed in. I slid my eyes over to her to give her a once-over (you know, checking out the competition) and saw on her resume that her first name was also Hannah. Interesting. Later on I looked her up on IMDb and saw in her biography that she herself was from England. So was the director and producer, who also wrote the screenplay. I thought she had a good look for the part, so on top of the fact that she was already English and had some good credits on her IMDb page, I thought "well, it's flattering that at least I got a callback, because she's definitely going to get it."

When I went into the audition, there was the director (Wash Westmoreland), the producer (Richard Glatzer), and the casting director (Tracy Kilpatrick). They all were tickled about me being in full costume. I chuckled myself and said it's not very often that an actor gets to play dress-up for a performance. Before doing the audition, I told them a little bit about what I could find out about the English actress who I was portraying (Jan Brooks.) There wasn't much that I could find out about her, but I did find a picture of her with Errol Flynn in a few publicity shots for the Broadway play, Master of Thornfield (renamed as such because Flynn was the marquee star, not Jan Brooks who was playing Jane Eyre.) I told them the alleged story about how she never forgave Flynn for "ruining" her chances at mainstream stardom in America because of how his drunken behavior caused the play to flop after a 10-day run. (It'd be kind of like me getting my big shot at starring in a movie opposite someone like George Clooney, and then he makes a "hot mess" of it.) They seemed impressed that I knew about this. Then they got me to do the scene, with Tracy running camera and saying the lines opposite me. I did 2 takes, I think, with a little bit of adjustment from Wash to make my facial expressions even more subtle, like I was barely cognizant of the fact that "Flynn" was destroying the scene. After my 2nd take, he was literally jumping up and down and pumping his fist in the air, like it was exactly what he wanted. I figured that was a good sign, and I thought of it as a successful audition, but I still didn't think I would book it. It's just happened too many times before, where I would do a great audition, leave walking on air feeling like I nailed it, and then never hearing anything back. This would most likely be the same thing. Despite this resignation, I still couldn't help following the cast and production news of the film as it was released in Backstage, The Hollywood Reporter, etc.

Several weeks, if not more than a month, passed by.

Then one afternoon, I got a call from my agent, and she told me that they wanted me for the role of Jane Eyre. I was so excited that I think I asked if she was serious. Then I asked her if she would tell my boyfriend herself, just in case he didn't believe me. I gave him my cellphone and heard him laugh a little, and then he said that was really good news. Finally! I won one!!

For preparation, I read the book Jane Eyre, found out everything I could about the actress I would be portraying and how the production of Master of Thornfield went, and I also got dialect coaching and basic embroidery lessons from a British friend of mine, who is a costume designer in Savannah.

During the first week of February, I went to Atlanta for my costume fitting, and then a day or two after that, I showed up for my scene. I got my own little dressing room in an old building on the same floor as Dakota Fanning. I got my hair done in the same trailer where all three of the main stars were at. When I stepped up into the trailer, Kevin Kline was sitting in a makeup chair next to Dakota Fanning, who smiled but remained seated. Susan Sarandon was chatting with the stylist who was doing her hair. Kevin stood right up with a big smile on his face and extended his hand to me. He was so gracious and polite that whatever nerves I felt started to fade away. I sat in the chair by him, and we exchanged some pleasantries about me coming from Savannah and how he was there once before for filming (The Conspirator) and how much he liked it there. We discovered something we had in common: we'd both performed in a movie about Abraham Lincoln that was filmed in Savannah. (I had a main supporting role in Abraham Lincoln vs. Zombies.) Then we talked about the scene. I told him that Jane Eyre was a very simple girl from around the Northern part of England, so I used a very strong accent, trying to imitate the accent I heard from a senior theatre student who was from Manchester (Northwest England) during my time at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. I might be flattering myself, but he seemed impressed. He even played around with different dialects himself. We practiced a few times running lines, which was so awesome for me. I thought I was just going to get ushered onto set and go straight into the scene with him. I didn't think I'd have a chance to run lines with him, so that was cool.

The rest of the day went by fairly smoothly. We filmed onstage at the beautiful Fox Theatre in downtown Atlanta. I was in a long, simple, not uncomfortable dress, so it was easy to sit and wait until they were ready for me. I chatted with Dakota some and greeted Susan Sarandon after a break in filming. She and Dakota were sitting in the audience so that their close-ups could be taped watching our scene. (In the story, my character stole the role of "Jane Eyre" from Dakota's character even though Flynn pushed for her, so her mother Florence wasn't too happy about it. It was kind of funny.) When I walked off the stage as Susan was leaving, I said in a playfully haughty voice "I'm sorry I stole the role from your precious little Beverly." She looked up a little startled and then chuckled some and smiled at me. I then said "Hello, Ms. Sarandon, from one 'Janet Weiss' to another" (referring to The Rocky Horror Picture Show she starred in with Tim Curry at the beginning of her career.) She said "Ahh, were you in that?" And I said "Yes, I was in a local production as Janet Weiss some years ago." So we chatted a few minutes, and I made a comment about her cute little dog, which followed her almost everywhere around set.

Kevin was a treat to meet and work with. He kept making these grunting voices in "drunk" character, even when we weren't filming, and it was making people laugh, especially me. He'd joke with me a little bit and gave me some good advice about my career. He told me that he'd had a similar conversation with Robert De Niro a long time ago, whom he referred to as being very sweet and quiet in contrast to the hot-tempered gangster characters he's played, and that even though he enjoys giving advice to young actors, he never does so unless they ask. I thought that was really cool. I couldn't help but reflect on a few of the times I'd worked with actors whose primary experience came from college and community theatre, but nonetheless, they were just chock-full of expert advice for everyone on topics ranging from method acting to how to play "drunk", "crazy", etc., whether you asked for it or not. It's amazing how much more humble and respectful the truly successful professional actors I've encountered over the years can be. He also told me how he was a bit in awe of John Cleese and Michael Palin (who were already icons due to Monty Python) when he worked with them on A Fish Called Wanda but that they were very sweet.

There was an extra line in the book that I'd remembered, relating to the scene, and I asked him if I should go ahead and add it in or if I should ask first. He told me to go ahead and do it. I told him that I was such a fan of his Oscar-winning performance as "Otto" in A Fish Called Wanda, and I asked him if some of the crazy stuff he did was scripted or if he just did it as improv (for instance, that backward roll he did in John Cleese's driveway.) He said it wasn't scripted. I asked him if he asked the director if it was ok or if he just did it. He said "never ask, just show them." As I continue forward with my career, I'm going to remember that.

We did the scene a few times for different angles of the camera. I only got one note from Richard Glatzer, which was to project my voice just a bit more (it took some doing, being on that big main stage of the Fox Theater.) It was a challenge getting my vocal projection to match against a veteran Broadway actor like Kevin, especially since I wasn't using my own native dialect. When my scenes wrapped, I got the customary applause from the set, but there was just something particularly awesome about seeing Kevin Kline applaud enthusiastically for me. He was very complimentary and encouraging to me the whole time. I couldn't have asked for a better experience, especially working with an actor of his caliber. The whole day was just really cool. After many times of not getting booked on various local theatre productions and low-budget films, it was a very validating experience to not only get booked on a paying SAG movie production but to be trusted to work with a top-notch Hollywood cast using a foreign accent. I couldn't help but think about the times I'd attempt to use an accent for local theatre shows in another town I lived in, and my boyfriend would tell me I needed to keep practicing so I could become better. So I did. And I still do. One thing that I've learned over the years is that you can keep getting your ego assuaged and pampered by filling your resume full of mostly shows and creative works that were produced by friends and family, but not really grow, because they're going to tell you that you're amazing anyway. However, if you really want to feel like a professional in this business, you have to take some risks, force yourself to become better and make rigorous adjustments, even when it's not comfortable, and then put yourself out there to be rejected by strangers who have a lot more to risk, since you're an unknown potential liability. Therefore, when they cast you and put their faith in you, it's far more validating. It may not happen again for a while, but after that booking, I feel like if I could get cast in that one, I can get cast in another one, and so on. When I was at RADA, there were a few people in my training group who didn't handle the blunt British criticism they were given by our drama coach, who was one of the main teachers at this prestigious school which has trained actors such as Alan Rickman, Anthony Hopkins, and Sean Bean, among others. They either got angry or defensive or they cried. One of them got flown back to her country of origin, paid for by RADA, because she was so combative. One girl kept telling the teacher how she was always told she was a "great actor" back home and got upset when the teacher told her she was pretentious and not believable. Her ego was getting in the way. By the time she softened up a little bit and tried to be more malleable and humble, the teacher was already done with her, which was unfortunate, but that's what happens sometimes.

As a cast gift, I gave Kevin and the producer/directors, Wash and Richard, framed copies of the original Broadway playbill for Master of Thornfield, which I made to look authentic and vintage, with Opie's help. We put them in a convection toaster oven for a few minutes to "age" them. I autographed Kevin's (wrote a cheeky note onto it in relation to our characters) and the directors' copies and got Kevin to autograph a copy for me and for a really good theatre friend who's a big fan also.

So, there you have it! The film was in post-production for a few months and then had its world premiere at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival, which I was invited to attend but sadly couldn't make it, partly due to misplacing my passport and also because I was very close to finishing my pilot training for my checkride. At the end of the day, it was just a missed opportunity to walk the red carpet, and I've walked a few of those already, even if I haven't yet walked the really big ones. It's the opportunities to create and perform an iconic character opposite one of your longtime acting heroes that are far more special. :)

(I added some photos of me with Kevin Kline on set as well as the original photos of Errol Flynn and Jan Brooks during promotion of Master of Thornfield.)

original playbill


Monday, June 29, 2015

Movie Review: ABRAHAM LINCOLN VS. ZOMBIES


Every now and then a movie will come along that you love to hate...(or hate to love?) For me, Abraham Lincoln vs Zombies is one of those films (Dir. Richard Schenkman, Perf. Bill Oberst, Jr., Hannah Bryan, Ron Ogden, Jason Vail, The Asylum, 2012). 

The movie is set during the latter part of the Civil War, and there is a zombie epidemic happening in the Deep South that Ole Abe commissions himself and 12 other Secret Service agents to contain. Along the way, they find a few ragtag citizens bunkered down in protection against the army of undead. Among these citizens is a town prostitute (who turns out to be Lincoln’s former love interest, jilted when he begins his political career), her daughter (played by someone you may recognize), and a very young Teddy Roosevelt, and the three of them join Lincoln and his men in black to fight their way through the city. Now, right there is where it gets confusing. Did the President and his 12 Merry Men go actually fight the zombies or fight their way out? Every thing seems to happen as they go along with no real plan.

The movie has constant scenes of people running, but there never seems to be a compelling reason for why. Even for zombies, these are the slowest zombies ever. Like, EVER. I swear that at one point during the movie, when a group of actors are running from a herd of glacial-speed moving zombies, the actors actually seemed to stop for a moment to wait for the zombies to catch up. Whether or not this was a glitch in editing for the action that was happening in frame, I’m not sure. Then there is a scene where the entire group of main actors is sitting inside some sort of lodge and sharpening tools for weapons. This was one of the most comical scenes for me to watch (and perform in.) You see characters languidly sharpening their tools, one of them (perf. Ron Ogden) actually sharpening his axe blade with a block of wood - WOOD! - as they exchange knowing glances at each other one by one. There was such a lack of urgency in the scene that it could have been a group of farm workers getting ready to go out into the fields to thresh wheat, rather than going out to fight a horde of undead.

Nearly every character gets killed, except Old Abe, of course, and the movie wraps with the President talking soothingly to his former lady love - once human, now zombie - who is on the floor in chains and gnashing her teeth at Lincoln. At one point, he can’t help himself and reaches out for a comforting touch and gets rewarded with a zombie scratch to his arm. If you like trainwreck movies, this film is a masterpiece just waiting for popcorn to be thrown at it.

Works Cited
Abraham Lincoln vs Zombies (Video 2012) - IMDb.
Adams, Jason. “Awfully Good: Abraham Lincoln vs Zombies.” JoBlo. 20 June 2012


;)

Why 12 ANGRY MEN Is Such An Important Film


A superbly told story, while entertaining, can also stimulate us to examine ourselves closely. One of the best ways to get a person to reflect upon themselves in such a way is to be relatable. 12 Angry Men is a very relatable film (Dir. Sidney Lumet. Perf. Henry Fonda, Lee J. Cobb, Ed Begley. United Artists 1957).

No matter what your station in life - your gender, your nationality, your religion, your view on politics - you will find some aspect of yourself reflected back in one or more of the characters in this movie. You will see men who are fair, who search for facts, who rely on opinions, who are swayed easily by the crowd, who are prejudiced, who take things too personally. The film reveals how some of the men are moved to change their original viewpoints based on the facts and the realization that they have based their decision on personal feelings, while others’ apparent change seems based upon expectation by their peers.

One of the film’s most compelling scenes involves a man (performed superbly by Ed Begley) fervently imploring the other 11 to echo his opinion. One by one, the others rise from their seats and turn their backs on him. It is the first time we see the majority of the jurors unified for the same reason. The man’s race-based rantings, it is agreed, are not worth sharing and have no place in this room. Humiliated, perhaps ashamed, the lone man slumps into his chair. He utters not a single word again, save to give his last, and sincerely changed, vote of not guilty.

By the end of the movie, I was both satisfied and unsettled. I would like to think that I would be the kind of person to stand against something I feel is wrong, even if my viewpoint is not a popular one. As I watched the movie, however, I felt sympathetic to characters who were in conflict with the man who first stood up against the crowd (perf. Henry Fonda). I related to the few who seemed to want to do the right thing but who at first remained silent out of fear. I also questioned if I would stubbornly stick with the wrong sentiment, because it is influenced by my own personal feelings and experiences. One such example is the man who held onto his vote of “guilty” up until the very last, and we find out that the reason why is because the defendant reminded him of the heartbreak he had for his own estranged son (perf. Lee J. Cobb).

I feel that this movie is important for people to watch, because it compels us to reflect deep within and ask ourselves which man or woman would we be. Who would I be? Would I be the first person to stand up when I feel something is wrong, or would I be apathetic? Would I base my decision on what the facts are? Would I be moved primarily by others’ opinions? I believe these self-reflecting questions are important to ask ourselves and watching this movie is a good incentive to do that.

EMPOWERING WOMEN: Beauty vs. Intelligence


It is difficult to recall the day I began to think that being pretty was something many considered more important than being smart. I became a film actor around 2005 and officially joined an industry that places heavy value on young, beautiful people. In particular, young beautiful women. Concurrently with my acting career, I have also pursued training and careers in industries where learning and being taken seriously as an academic are important, like mathematics and aeronautics. I have experienced both sides and realize they are both challenging.

My parent’s opposing views of what is considered beautiful influenced my own polarized views. My mother was a fan of Hollywood's Golden Age of screen performers. Her expression while gazing at Vivian Leigh’s lovely visage as Scarlett O’Hara in Gone With The Wind could accurately be described as rapturous. Her praise and appreciation for screen greats like Gene Tierney and Elizabeth Taylor shaped my own perception of what is beautiful. My father, in contrast, was an aging undergrad student of astrobiology who instilled in me a fascination for space and aviation sciences. He passed on to me an appreciation for female astronauts, like Sally Ride who, when compared to a screen gem like Angelina Jolie, could arguably be called “plain” or even “unattractive”. However, in terms of sheer mental and professional accomplishments (a physics degree from Stanford and the first female astronaut to travel in space), she could hardly be called unimpressive. An interesting consideration came to me recently when I realized that, should Hollywood decide to dramatize Sally Ride’s life on screen, there is little doubt that the producers would find an actress who, though talented, would be cast more on the basis of her visual appeal than her physical resemblance to the real Sally Ride. After all, you would want the broadest audience to watch your film. And, it would seem, beauty is easier to recognize than intelligence.

The ideals of what is considered attractive have changed throughout history and civilizations, but there is little debate that physical attractiveness has always had a dominant appeal in society. The practice of enhancing or altering one’s physical features to fit the current standard of beauty has long been prevalent. Cleopatra is noted for using crushed carmine beetles to color her lips (Valdesolo) and Queen Elizabeth I for having thick white makeup applied to cover up the scars on her skin left by smallpox (Skerrett.) Though these were two of the most politically powerful female figures in history, each felt compelled to put their best face forward. A small but curious consideration.

Jumping forward to modern times, we see various pop culture celebrities peering flawlessly back at us from magazine covers. The majority of them share some great levels of success in careers creating and promoting films, music or, in most cases, beauty itself. Yet, each could scarcely represent a larger cross-section of ages and nationalities. For some, it is easy to think of these people, as the cliche goes, as nothing but pretty faces. Such as Natalie Portman, a published Harvard psychology graduate. Or Geena Davis, a long-time member of MENSA. But few of these articles or ads are created to encourage readers to pursue an academic career in psychology or join a national group dedicated to bring awareness to intellectual enhancement, but rather to buy the same cosmetics or beauty tips as each of them have endorsed.

There seems to be a revolution of sorts building in recent years against the use of digital editing, evidenced by celebrities and musicians being more transparent about their skills and techniques. In Meghan Trainor’s hit song, “All About That Bass," she sings “I see the magazine workin’ that Photoshop...c’mon now, make it stop.” To that point, it seems and more celebrities, like Kate Winslet and Jamie Lee Curtis, have begun speaking out against the unrealistic standards of beauty that such manipulation allows. In 2014, Keira Knightley posed topless, sans makeup or hairstyling. Rather, she highlighted her naturally small breasts and rather simple shape. Her point was to cast contrasting visuals to how her body had been augmented and presented so many times in the past (Dokterman.) In a sign of how public opinion may be shifting, the great majority of social and media response praised her for so cleverly designing and presenting an easy to understand commentary about the corporate sales of beauty products, while also expressing the genuine appeal of her beautiful natural form.

In keeping with this shift of beauty vs. brains, there is a growing list of celebrities such as Tiny Fey and Mindy Kaling who are known more for their shrewd intellect and wit first, while also highlighting their attractiveness. Equally, renowned beauties such as Angelina Jolie seem to be taking a genuine interest in promoting their humanitarian and leadership efforts rather than overly touting their interests in beauty. But overall, it is somewhat evident that pointing out such intelligence is meant mainly to enhance and support physical beauty, first and foremost. I think of the media surrounding superstar George Clooney’s wife, Amal Alamuddin. Her impressive resume includes being a human rights attorney, former clerk for a Supreme Court Justice, and fluent speaker of three languages. Yet, a Google Image search of her name results in her top photo groupings being of her wedding dress and her fashion shots. To find any photos of her in her day job (prior to being Mrs. Clooney), one will have to be more specific about their search.

It is refreshing to think that a genuine shift in favor of a woman’s beauty complimenting her intelligence rather than her intelligence complimenting her beauty could in fact take place. Perhaps it could even happen within my lifetime. So much that we are seeing socially suggests it is possible or at least conceivable. However, it is also difficult to conceive a throwback leading man such as Clooney marrying a junior version of Margaret Thatcher. Perhaps this is because beauty is simply something that mentally takes priority when it comes to our own intelligence. But then, it may just be awkward hooking up with a mate who you not only consider smarter than you but that eventually to whom you may have to pay taxes.
Works Cited
Dockterman, Eliana. “Keira Knightley and 7 Other Celebrities Who Protested Photoshop and   Won.” Time, 7 November 2014. Web.
Skerrett, Victoria. “The Death of Queen Elizabeth I." Tudor Stuff: Tudor History From The Heart of England. 3 November 2009. Web.
Valdesolo, Fiorella. “The Red Army." The New York Times, 27 August 2006. Newspaper.
Fey, Tina. Bossypants. 5 Apr. 2011. Autobiography.
Trainor, Meghan. “All About That Bass.” 2 June. 2014. Song.

AMERICAN HISTORY X and PRECIOUS - comparing media to analyze factors contributing to the self-identity of urban youth


Two movies that are useful for analyzing specific examples of the socio-economic factors which shape the formative identity of youths growing up in large cities and how they ultimately are transformed are the independent films, AMERICAN HISTORY X (Dir. Tony Kaye. Perf. Edward Norton, Edward Furlong, Beverly D’Angelo. 1998) and PRECIOUS (Dir. Lee Daniels. Perf. Gabourey Sidibe, Mo’Nique, Paula Patton. 2009.)

An important historical context given in AMERICAN HISTORY X is the Rodney King Riots which happened in South Central Los Angeles, circa spring of 1992, in which ethnic minorities made up the majority of the victims. In the film, we see Danny Vinyard (the younger brother of a skinhead living in a suburban area of Los Angeles) whom he remembers leading a small mob of rioters into vandalizing a business owned by an Asian man who employs Hispanics. In comparison, PRECIOUS (adapted by Sapphire’s novel, PUSH) portrays an overweight black teenage girl named Claireece Jones, (Gabourey Sidibe), who goes by her middle name “Precious” and lives in a low-rent apartment in New York City. They both have been victims of extreme violence (Danny’s father having been killed by a minority while on the job and Precious attacked by young men while she is walking down the street.) With the loss of his brother (who is imprisoned for 3 years due to a hate crime witnessed by Danny) and his mother (Beverly D’Angelo) in increasingly frail health, Danny turns to Cameron (Stacy Keach), the leader of the Neo-Nazi gang his brother formerly belonged to for guidance. When Derek is released from prison, he rescues Danny from a rally, confronts Cameron and then compels his brother, Danny, to leave that way of life by telling him what happened to him in prison (being raped by a gang of Neo-Nazis and befriended by his laundry partner, a black male) which led to his transformation of thinking. The image of the two of them stripping away the White Nationalist paraphernalia that decorates the walls of Danny's bedroom, as though they are removing layer after layer of dead useless skin, is a powerfully visceral one. At the end of the scene, they are both standing together silently staring at the now clean wall with an unknown identity that has not yet been cultivated and, like new skin after an old scab has been removed, both are left feeling uplifted yet more vulnerable as a result.

As for Precious, one of the most moving scenes is also one without dialogue. On her way out to school, she views herself in the mirror and the reflection we see looking back is that of a slender blonde white female dressed identically to Precious, down to the single hair curler resting on her forehead. Precious gazes at this imagined alternative identity, gives a sigh, and then walks out. Her transformation is encouraged by the feeling of love she gets from her teacher (Paula Patton) and the emotional support of her fellow classmates in the alternative school she is sent to, where there is a feeling of solidarity among this talented, albeit misfit, group of young women. She begins to have confidence in her imagination and storytelling skill and knows that if she continues her education and learns to write, she can improve her life and progress beyond her given circumstance. In similarity, both the Vinyard brothers are encouraged by their professor (Avery Brooks) for being intelligent students with a gift for writing and having the right charisma for leadership, which should be used for positive influence.

In the final scene of American History X, Derek’s brother, Danny, is shot and killed by a young African-American male, so it could be reasoned that Derek might revert to his former skinhead way of thinking, but most likely he recognizes his own role in the fallout of these events and can choose to influence the future by his own thinking and actions. Likewise, we see Precious leaving her domineering welfare-abusing mother (Mo’Nique) and walking away, holding her childrens’ hands, determined to continue her education so that she can get a job and provide for them.

Works Cited
“Identity and Inner-City Youth: Beyond Ethnicity and Gender.”
  Heath, Shirley Brice, Ed.; McLaughlin, Milbrey W., Ed
“Urban Youth Culture: Forging a New Identity”
Youth Supplement. Growing Up Urban. www.unfpa.org/swp/2007
“American Politics and Pop Culture”
Lung, Katherine, April 24, 2008
“Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Child Development”
McLoyd, Vonnie C. American Psychologist, Vol. 53 (2) Feb. 1998 185-204
“Globalization, Culture, and Neighborhood Change”
Mele, Christopher. State University of New York at Buffalo